Fig. 2
From: An image database of Drosophila melanogaster wings for phenomic and biometric analysis
Magnitude and direction of the effect of each mutation (red) relative to Samarkand wild type (black). Magnitudes are in units of Procrustes distance (PD), which for this (tangent approximation) is equivalent to the Euclidean distance between the mean vector of each mutant and the Samarkand (SAM) wild type. The vectors of shape differences are magnified three-fold to enhance the clarity of the effects