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Table 3 Genomic relationship matrix calculation times (sec)

From: Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets

Dataset

Machine

GCTA

PLINK 1.90

Ratio

synth1p

Mac-2

222.2

7.2

31

 

Mac-12

184.7

5.0

37

 

Linux32-8

248.4

10.9

22.8

 

Linux64-512

4.4

9.6

0.46

 

Win32-2

373.1

39.3

9.5

 

Win64-2

367.2

6.6

56

synth2p

Mac-2

nomem

805.8

 
 

Mac-12

17.0 k

138.3

123

 

Linux32-8

nomem

1153.4

 
 

Linux64-512

65.1

318.9

0.20

 

Win32-2

nomem

2007.2

 
 

Win64-2

nomem

450.1

 

chr1snp

Mac-2

nomem

87.1

 
 

Mac-12

2260.9

50.9

44.4

 

Linux32-8

nomem

94.3

 
 

Linux64-512

58.3

91.6

0.64

 

Win32-2

nomem

317.5

 
 

Win64-2

nomem

65.7

 
  1. This involves a variance-normalizing distance function which cannot be efficiently computed with just bit population counts. PLINK 1.9’s lookup table-based algorithm is slower than GCTA 1.24 on heavily multicore machines (see the Linux64-512 results), but has complementary advantages in portability, accuracy, and memory efficiency.